In order to make sure that now two devices share the same public IP, addresses need to be parcelled out.
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IANA parcels out IP addresses in contiguous chunks called network blocks.
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Class A: Always begins with 0xxxxxxx
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Class B: Always begins with 10xxxxxx
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Class C: Always begins with 110xxxxx
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Class D: Always begins with 1110xxxx
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Class E: Always begins with 1111xxxx